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The Second Arab Awakening: And the Battle for Pluralism, by Marwan Muasher
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A knowledgeable insider provides the first clear view of what has happened in the Arab world and why
This important book is not about immediate events or policies or responses to the Arab Spring. Instead, it takes a long, judicious view of political change in the Arab world, beginning with the first Awakening in the nineteenth century and extending into future decades when—if the dream is realized—a new Arab world defined by pluralism and tolerance will emerge. Marwan Muasher, former foreign minister of Jordan, asserts that all sides—the United States, Europe, Israel, and Arab governments alike—were deeply misguided in their thinking about Arab politics and society when the turmoil of the Arab Spring erupted. He explains the causes of the unrest, tracing them back to the first Arab Awakening, and warns of the forces today that threaten the success of the Second Arab Awakening, ignited in December 2010. Hope rests with the new generation and its commitment to tolerance, diversity, the peaceful rotation of power, and inclusive economic growth, Muasher maintains. He calls on the West to rethink political Islam and the Arab-Israeli conflict, and he discusses steps all parties can take to encourage positive state-building in the freshly unsettled Arab world.
- Sales Rank: #983374 in Books
- Published on: 2015-03-31
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.00" h x .60" w x 5.20" l, .0 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 232 pages
Review
Praise for The Arab Center:
“This book is a must read to understand how to address the challenges facing the Middle East today.”—President Bill Clinton
"Muasher's book raises what may be the most damning criticism of the Bush administration's Middle East policy — that it has unwittingly undercut the very people the United States wanted most to help."—David Ignatius, Washington Post
(Bill Clinton, David Ignatius)
"For the Arab awakening to have any future, the ideology that is most needed now is the one being promoted least: Pluralism. Until that changes, argues Marwan Muasher, in his extremely relevant new book . . . none of the Arab uprisings will succeed."—Thomas L. Friedman, New York Times (Thomas L. Friedman New York Times)
About the Author
Marwan Muasher is vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment, overseeing research in Washington and Beirut on the Middle East. He has served as Jordan’s ambassador to the United States, foreign minister, and deputy prime minister. He lives in Amman, Jordan.
Most helpful customer reviews
6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Great book and a must read
By Suheil Muasher
This is a very informative book by a very well informed and experienced writer on middle east affairs.The author presents arguments that the second Arab Awakening has just begun and it will be years from now before we see its conclusion.The author presents his views that there needs to be a third force, besides the totaliterian Military and Islamists rule, that believes in a democratic,inclusive, and pluralistic new middle eastern societies. The book is concise and very easy to read. I recommend it highly to anyone interested and possibly confused about what is happening today in the Arab countries. Great Read
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Insightful and Promising
By Merissa Khurma
I strongly believe that narratives of the past, present and projections of the future of the Arab world should always be assessed and chronicled by thinkers, policymakers and academics from the region.
As protests, mass movements and revolutions swept Arab societies beginning in 2010, the West was quick to respond with catchy sound-bites (The Arab Spring to name one of them) to ‘brand’ these developments in an effort to explain the surprising and inexplicable emergence of these waves; particularly to the average observers with little understanding of or knowledge in the region’s history.
It is against this backdrop that I recommend “The Second Arab Awakening and the Battle for Pluralism” by former Jordanian diplomat and government official Marwan Muasher.
As an Arab analyst of the region, Muasher offers a thorough assessment of the political, economic and socio-cultural developments in the Arab world since the Tunisian street vendor set himself on fire in anger and frustration over his state of being. Muasher dubs this new wave; the Second Arab Awakening and provides the reader with a clear historical context to the most recent uprisings tracing it back to the First Arab Awakening in the 1940’s and 50s; thereby answering many pending questions about the why and the how.
The book also injects a dose of reality, particularly for western audiences that the Second Arab Awakening is not a three-year affair that will miraculously result in a fully blossomed Arab Garden of pluralism, prosperity, and prosperity. In fact, the region will have to go through many transformational phases and they do not have to be mass revolutions or bloody uprisings. The ingredients Muasher puts forward are indeed logical and practical starting with his emphasis on a new approach to education. He dedicates an entire chapter to Education for Pluralism; in which he notes that the seeds of acceptance and coexistence of the other, especially in an ethnically and religiously diverse Arab world, should be planted in school and early learning. These values must be reflected in our educational material but also in the teaching methodology, that is to say more emphasis should be placed on critical thinking, independent research and creativity. And if I may add, now more than ever, given that there is a plethora of tools in social media, science and technology etc available to all, our region has a unique opportunity to utilize these tools to create more open, pluralistic and thus stronger communities.
One key element of the book which, is completely missing, from Muasher’s first publication “The Arab Center” is his focus on youth. Many of the uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt in particular and elsewhere were primarily driven by youth; frustrated by high levels of unemployment, lack of progress, and the paucity of freedoms of expression etc. However, as Muasher notes, those youth activists of the Second Awakening have succeeded in identifying what they are opposed to rather than what they “are for.” Nevertheless, hope lies in the next generations to address the challenges they face and work positively and peacefully toward pluralism. I share Muasher’s optimism in this regard and yes it will be a long and hard struggle ahead, but it is the only way our region will survive and reach its full potential on all fronts; economically, culturally and politically.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
This Book Should be in Every Home in the Middle East - Including Israel
By Alastair Browne
Marwan Muasher is a former foreign minister of Jordan, and has seen beyond his own culture to that encompassing the entire Arab, Islamic, and Jewish world, and beyond to the U.S. and Europe. He erases the stereotypes of a perpetual, warlike Middle East and brings home the realities of what is really happening over there, and demonstrates that there are solutions, but, like anything else, requires time. By this, he means decades, not months.
This is a book every Muslim should have, whether he is devoted or not, regardless of his ethnic or tribal background.
As the title states, this book is about the Second Arab Awakening, and beyond that. The First Arab Awakening occurred in the late nineteenth, earth twentieth centuries, with the realization of an Arab identity, and of their ethnic and tribal backgrounds, apart from the Ottoman Empire and the European colonizers. What followed were independence movements and the reestablishment of their own countries. Granted, many of their countries were established among European borders, ignoring their tribal and ethnic lines, but, in times, these countries established their own identities regardless, especially with the discovery of oil, and how they can use it to control the world's economies. However, this book does not discuss this.
The First Awakening, however, did not last, with kingdoms in charge, giving oil wealth to their subjects to keep them silent, repressing certain religions and ethnic groups, personality cults, and of late, the rise of Islam, with them being sworn enemies of Israel.
The Second Arab Awakening began in 2012 with event of a street vendor, constantly harassed by the police, setting himself ablaze and burning to death, and this ignited a movement throughout the Arab world. Two leaders, of Egypt and Tunisia, were ousted, and protests were held all over the Middle East. In Syria, there are battles to overthrow Assad, that continue to this day. Even in Iran, many rose up again President Amadinijad. He didn't run again, and was succeeded by one claims to be more moderate. After 30 years, a new generation is tiring of the Islamic movement and "Islam is the answer."
The reason for all this is that Islam, along with even the secular governments, haven't been providing for the needs of the people. Instead there is poverty, starvation, repression of certain religions and ethnic groups, and personality cults, with one man continuing to rule for decades.
The oil producing states are not much better. They do give oil money to everyone to keep them quiet, with no incentives to educate themselves or to work, thus leaving the rulers in power to do what they like. "No taxation and no representation."
Note that in the newspapers today, much of the youth is revolting against the values of their parents, and are turning out to be right.
What many are fighting for now, strange as this may sound to the rest of the world, are democracy, rotation of power, free and democratic elections, economic freedom, and above all, pluralism. This means that all ethnic groups, tribes, and religions, in any country, are to be accepted equally. Should one turn to Islam, or any sect of it, or decide to leave Islam for either another religion, or even be of no religion, that should be his right to do so. Many are also advocating for the equality of women.
This paragraph may seem too ideal, or like pie in the sky, but many religionists and intellectuals in the Middle East are advocating just that. This author stresses this in the entire book, and points out the sources, and the reasons for doing so.
Much of this is happening right now. A recent article in The New York Times tells of a Jewish couple living in Iran, the husband being a doctor at a local hospital. His wife decided to emigrate to the United States, but the husband stayed in Iran. He stated that Iran is his home, and even though he is Jewish, he is also an Iranian. This doctor is also doing quite well as an upstanding citizen in his community, so this is pluralism in action.
I myself first seen the author himself give a presentation in Washington that was televised on C-Span. I saw the TV presentation.
Muasher also points out that this is Israel's opportunity, also, to finally make peace with the Palestinians, either by a two-state solution, and gives some ideas here, or even a one-state solution, a bi-national state.
I myself have suggested that we redraw the entire Middle Eastern map along sectarian lines. i.e. Sunniland, Shiiteland, Kurdistan, etc. but this could make the present problem worse. Though everyone would have their own country, they would treat it like a turf war, with perpetual wars against each other. The best would be to leave the map as is, establishing pluralistic societies, with tolerance towards each other. I do favor an independent Kurdistan and Palestine, however, with all nations recognizing Israel and their right to defensible borders.
All parties must also be included to rule in a democratic country, be they Islam, Coptic, or Secular parties. No one can be excluded.
This is happening, but the Second Arab Awakening isn't happening fast enough to satisfy many people. What many don't realize is that this is not going to happen overnight. Many despots will remain in power for a long time to come, and persecutions will continue, but these tyrants will not last. Look what happened to Gaddafi, Mubarak, and what is happening to Assad.
People must be educated. The economy must improve, and it can be. Movements need outside support, both morally and financially. Most of all, we must be patient, for this may take one or two generations, but the younger segment is demanding all this to happen. All they need is to sit down and talk with others, and eventually, get elected and practice what they've preached.
Israel and the Jews must be in on this too, and Israel must take up this golden opportunity to finally make peace with the rest of the Middle East, for this chance may never come again.
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